Discover the Impact of Cold Weather on the Increase of Flu Cases

As winter settles in, it often feels like everyone around you is either sick or recovering from a cold. Your environment might be filled with a chorus of coughing, sniffling, and sneezing, which leaves you wondering—why do so many people catch the flu during the colder months?

What is the Flu?

The flu, or influenza, is a contagious viral infection that primarily affects the respiratory system, including the nose, throat, and sometimes the lungs. It spreads easily from person to person through respiratory droplets in the air or by touching contaminated surfaces. While some people recover with rest and over-the-counter medications, the flu can cause serious, life-threatening complications, especially in young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.

What is Peak Flu Season?

While the flu can occur at any time of the year, flu season peaks during the colder months, with a noticeable increase in cases between December and February. This period, often referred to as “flu season” or “cold and flu season,” marks a significant increase in flu-related illnesses across the United States.

Two Reasons Why Flu Cases Rise in the Winter

1. Cold Weather and Its Effect on the Immune System

Cold weather directly impacts the immune system’s ability to respond to and fight off infections. The cold air affects the mucus lining in the nasal passages, which can reduce the defense against viruses. Additionally, low temperatures can cause blood vessels in the nose to constrict, limiting the flow of white blood cells to the area, which can reduce the immune system response.

2. More Time Indoors and at Gatherings

In winter, people often spend more time indoors to avoid the cold, typically in close proximity to others. This increased indoor activity can make it easier for germs, including the flu virus, to spread. The season also brings holidays and gatherings with family and friends, creating additional opportunities for exposure to the flu virus.

Although there is an influx of flu cases in winter, there are ways to prevent and minimize the spread of illness.

Common Flu Symptoms

If you’ve caught the flu, you’ll likely feel generally unwell and experience symptoms such as:

• Headaches
• Fever
• Body ache
• Cough
• Sore throat
• Runny nose

As mentioned earlier, in some cases some people may be able to recover at home. However, if your symptoms feel unusually severe, worsen, or significantly affect your daily life, it may be time to seek immediate care.

When to Seek Emergency Care for the Flu:

• Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
• Pain or pressure in the chest or abdomen
• Sudden dizziness
• Confusion
• Severe or persistent vomiting
• Flu-like symptoms that improve but then return with a fever and a worse cough
• Symptoms of an ear or sinus infection, such as severe pain, swelling, or discharge

If you or a loved one are experiencing severe flu symptoms this winter, NW Indiana ER & Hospital is here to provide the care you need. We are open 24/7, including holidays, with an expert team ready to provide quick, compassionate care to help you feel better and return to your everyday life activities.

Disclaimer: As a service to our readers, NW Indiana ER & Hospital and Nutex Health state no content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician.